{
  "name": "StackRadar developer-infrastructure dataset",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "attribution": "StackRadar — https://stackradar.pages.dev",
  "verified": "2026-07-16",
  "count": 41,
  "platforms": [
    {
      "slug": "heroku",
      "name": "Heroku",
      "url": "https://www.heroku.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "2",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 25,
          "medium": 50,
          "large": 250
        },
        "sizeNote": "Cedar Common Runtime dynos (no Private Space fee), flat monthly, one dyno running 24/7. SMALL = Standard-1X (0.5GB RAM, shared 1x-4x CPU) $25/mo — good fit for 0.5 vCPU/512MB. MEDIUM = Standard-2X (1GB RAM, shared 2x-8x CPU) $50/mo — under the 2GB target; the next Cedar tier reaching >=2GB is Performance-M (2.5GB) at $250. LARGE = Performance-M (2.5GB RAM, dedicated compute) $250/mo — undershoots the 4GB target; Performance-L (14GB) is the next step at $500. Heroku Cedar dynos bundle CPU and RAM in fixed sizes that do not map cleanly to arbitrary vCPU/RAM ratios.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": null,
        "source": "https://www.heroku.com/pricing/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "Figures are flat monthly Cedar Common Runtime dyno prices; a single dyno running 24/7 (~730h) costs the listed flat monthly rate (Heroku prorates per-second but caps at the monthly maximum). All three monthly prices (Standard-1X $25, Standard-2X $50, Performance-M $250) confirmed on the official pricing page (2026-07-16) and via search; unchanged since the Nov 2022 restructuring. Performance-L confirmed at $500 (14GB). Egress: the official pricing page lists NO per-GB outbound bandwidth / data-transfer / egress charge for dynos, so egressPerGbUsd is null (not separately billed / not disclosed on the official page). Mapping caveat (honest): no Cedar dyno matches the target vCPU/RAM exactly — MEDIUM's Standard-2X has only 1GB vs the 2GB target, and LARGE's Performance-M has 2.5GB vs the 4GB target (next tier Performance-L is 14GB/$500). Fir-generation dynos ARE priced by real vCPU/RAM (e.g. General Purpose 4GB at $80, Compute 2CPU-4GB at $150) and match the targets more closely, but every Fir dyno requires a paid Private Space (space fee not published on the pricing page), so they are not comparable for a standard always-on service and were not used."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "render",
      "name": "Render",
      "url": "https://render.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free instance spins down after ~15 min idle (not always-on, ~1 min cold start) and is capped at 750 instance-hours/month per workspace — fine for demos, not 24/7 production.",
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "4+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 7,
          "medium": 25,
          "large": 85
        },
        "sizeNote": "SMALL = Starter instance (0.5 vCPU / 512 MB) $7/mo. MEDIUM = Standard instance (1 vCPU / 2 GB) $25/mo. LARGE = Pro instance (2 vCPU / 4 GB) $85/mo. Render bills per-second but the flat plan price is the effective 24/7 monthly cost. Larger tiers also exist (Pro Plus 4 CPU/8 GB, Pro Max 4 CPU/16 GB, Pro Ultra 8 CPU/32 GB ~$450/mo).",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.15,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 5,
          "medium": 25,
          "large": 1000
        },
        "source": "https://render.com/pricing",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "All figures verified and unchanged from the submitted values — no corrections and no nulls needed. The live /pricing page is JS-rendered so WebFetch could not read its table directly, but every numeric figure was confirmed on an official Render property: (1) Egress $0.15/GB = official blog render.com/blog/new-bandwidth-pricing-on-render, which states bandwidth was reduced to \"$15 per 100 GB\" (effective Aug 1, 2025). (2) All three compute prices — Starter 0.5 CPU/512 MB $7, Standard 1 CPU/2 GB $25, Pro 2 CPU/4 GB $85 — confirmed verbatim on the official render.com/articles/render-vs-railway page, with $7/$25 additionally corroborated by other render.com articles and many 2026 aggregators. One stale aggregator listed Pro at $80, but the official article and current-source consensus give $85. Egress $0.15/GB applies only beyond each workspace plan's included allowance; official render.com/docs/outbound-bandwidth lists included amounts of Hobby 5 GB, Pro 25 GB, Scale 1 TB per month. Note: Render's separate paid workspace plans (team features: Hobby $0, Pro, Scale) are billed independently and do NOT include compute — compute is billed per-instance as listed above."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloudways",
      "name": "Cloudways",
      "url": "https://www.cloudways.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "DO/Linode/Vultr/AWS/GCP regions",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 11,
          "medium": 24,
          "large": 46
        },
        "sizeNote": "Mapped to Cloudways Flexible on DigitalOcean, Basic/\"Standard\" (SSD) droplets (managed cloud VPS), verified live on the official pricing page 2026-07-16 (DigitalOcean provider, Basic server type, Standard toggle). SMALL -> Micro: 1GB RAM / 1 vCPU / 25GB SSD / 1TB transfer = $11/mo. MEDIUM -> Small: 2GB RAM / 1 vCPU / 50GB SSD / 2TB transfer = $24/mo. LARGE -> Medium (Most Popular): 4GB RAM / 2 vCPU / 80GB SSD / 4TB transfer = $46/mo. (1GB is the smallest plan; no 0.5-vCPU/512MB option exists.) A DigitalOcean \"Premium\" NVMe tier is also offered at roughly +$3/tier: Micro $14 / Small $28 / Medium $54 / Large $99.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.02,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 1000,
          "medium": 2000,
          "large": 4000
        },
        "source": "https://www.cloudways.com/en/pricing.php",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "CORRECTION: The submitted monthlyUsd of $14/$28/$54 is NOT the DigitalOcean Standard tier as its sizeNote claimed - those figures are the DigitalOcean PREMIUM (NVMe) tier. Verified live on the official pricing page 2026-07-16 (DigitalOcean provider, Basic server type), which has a Standard/Premium toggle: STANDARD (SSD) Basic droplets = Micro $11 ($0.0164/hr), Small $24 ($0.0357/hr), Medium/Most-Popular $46 ($0.0685/hr), Large $88; PREMIUM (NVMe) droplets = Micro $14 ($0.0208/hr), Small $28 ($0.0417/hr), Medium $54 ($0.0804/hr), Large $99. Both tiers are current; the submission's claim that $11/$24/$46 are \"outdated\" is false. Corrected monthlyUsd to the Standard baseline that the entry's sizeNote actually targets. EGRESS: $0.02/GB overage CONFIRMED on the official Cloudways help center (support.cloudways.com/en/articles/5119679-bandwidth-charges-of-infrastructure-providers): \"if your server's bandwidth limit has been exceeded, you will be charged $0.02 per additional GB of bandwidth.\" Bundled transfer is 1TB/2TB/4TB across the three plans. Cloudways bills hourly and invoices monthly; the listed monthly price is the effective always-on (~730h) cost and reconciles with the per-hour rates above. Confidence high: all reported figures (monthly Standard prices and egress rate) read directly from official Cloudways sources today."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "railway",
      "name": "Railway",
      "url": "https://railway.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "4+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 20.26,
          "medium": 40.52,
          "large": 81.03
        },
        "sizeNote": "Railway has no fixed instance sizes — it is fully usage-based (per-second, billed per-minute). Official rates: $0.000463/vCPU/min (~$20.28/vCPU/mo) + $0.000231/GB-RAM/min (~$10.12/GB/mo) at 730h/mo. Sizes computed at a 1:2 vCPU:GB ratio: Small = 0.5 vCPU / 1 GB = ~$20.26/mo; Medium = 1 vCPU / 2 GB = ~$40.52/mo; Large = 2 vCPU / 4 GB = ~$81.03/mo. These assume the service continuously consumes its full CPU+RAM allocation 24/7; because Railway meters ACTUAL usage, real bills are lower when CPU/RAM aren't saturated. Volumes are extra ($0.15/GB/mo). Hobby ($5/mo) and Pro ($20/mo) subscriptions each include equal usage credits, so at these usage levels the total bill ≈ the usage cost shown (subscription fee is absorbed by the credit).",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.05,
        "source": "https://railway.com/pricing",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "VERIFIED 2026-07-16 against Railway's official docs (docs.railway.com/pricing/plans, linked from railway.com/pricing). Exact official unit rates confirmed: CPU $0.000463/vCPU/min (= $20/vCPU/mo), RAM $0.000231/GB/min (= $10/GB/mo), volume $0.000003472222222/GB/min (= $0.15/GB/mo), egress $0.000000047683716/KB = exactly $0.05/GB (object-storage egress is free; inbound free). Plans confirmed: one-time $5 trial (no card); Hobby $5/mo incl. $5 usage credit; Pro $20/mo per seat incl. $20 usage credit; Enterprise from $2,000/mo. Railway does NOT sell fixed 'plans' with vCPU/RAM allotments — the pricing page lists only per-unit rates. The monthlyUsd values are computed always-on estimates for the normalized sizes (per-minute rate × 43,800 min = 730h), NOT figures printed on the page. Arithmetic re-checked and correct: Small $20.26, Medium $40.52, Large $81.03. (Note: using Railway's rounded $20/$10 per-month rates instead would give $20/$40/$80; the slightly higher values here come from applying the exact per-minute rate over a full 730h month.) Actual cost depends on real per-second consumption of used (not provisioned) resources. Nothing required correction or nulling; confidence high."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "fly",
      "name": "Fly.io",
      "url": "https://fly.io",
      "category": "Container hosting",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "30+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 5.7,
          "medium": 10.7,
          "large": 21.4
        },
        "sizeNote": "Fly Machines are usage-based (billed per-second), priced here as always-on ~730h/mo. Figures are the round Amsterdam (ams) baseline shown on the official pricing page, where the region markup ratio = 1.0 (ams is the base rate itself, not a marked-up region). Fly has no 0.5 vCPU preset; the smallest is shared-cpu-1x (1 shared/burstable vCPU). SMALL -> shared-cpu-1x + 1GB = $5.70/mo. MEDIUM -> shared-cpu-1x + 2GB = $10.70/mo. LARGE -> shared-cpu-2x + 4GB = $21.40/mo. These are shared/burst-CPU presets; dedicated-CPU 'performance' presets cost several times more. Effective cost is region-dependent: cheapest are Ashburn VA (iad) and Secaucus NJ (ewr) at ~0.75x the ams baseline; most expensive (Johannesburg jnb, Mumbai bom) at ~1.21x.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.02,
        "source": "https://fly.io/docs/about/pricing/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "medium",
        "notes": "Re-verified 2026-07-16 against the official pricing page (fly.io/docs/about/pricing/). The page prices Machines per-second and displays region tables on an Amsterdam (ams) baseline with markup ratio 1.0. The published round ams baseline shared-CPU figures are: shared-cpu-1x 1GB = $5.70/mo, shared-cpu-1x 2GB = $10.70/mo, shared-cpu-2x 4GB = $21.40/mo (~730h always-on) — these are the values used here. (An earlier revision of this entry stored slightly higher per-second-derived figures $5.92/$11.11/$22.22 and a note wrongly claiming the round numbers were absent from the page; corrected to the published baseline.) Mapping keeps all three sizes on the shared-CPU tier; dedicated 'performance' presets cost several times more. Egress CONFIRMED and region-tiered: $0.02/GB North America & Europe (used here), higher in APAC/Africa/India; inbound and same-region machine-to-machine traffic are free. Confidence medium because effective monthly cost is region-dependent (~0.75x-1.21x of the ams baseline). Persistent volume/IP/dedicated-bandwidth charges not included."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "koyeb",
      "name": "Koyeb",
      "url": "https://www.koyeb.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": "Closed to new signups (2026 Mistral acquisition); new accounts need a paid plan.",
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "global edge",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 5.36,
          "medium": 10.71,
          "large": 21.43
        },
        "sizeNote": "SMALL = micro (0.5 vCPU / 512MB) or eco-small (0.5 vCPU / 1GB), both $5.36/mo. MEDIUM = eco-medium (1 vCPU / 2GB), an exact spec match, $10.71/mo (Standard \"small\" is 1 vCPU/1GB at the same $10.71). LARGE = eco-large (2 vCPU / 4GB), an exact spec match, $21.43/mo (Standard \"medium\" is 2 vCPU/2GB at the same $21.43). Koyeb's Standard and Eco price ladders share the same monthly figures ($5.36 / $10.71 / $21.43) at these tiers; Eco gives more RAM per vCPU. Monthly figures are Koyeb's own advertised Price/month (billed by the second; hourly = $0.0072 / $0.0144 / $0.0288).",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.02,
        "source": "https://www.koyeb.com/pricing",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "All compute figures verified on the official pricing page and the instances reference, both fully consistent."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "northflank",
      "name": "Northflank",
      "url": "https://northflank.com",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free Sandbox tier exists, but a payment method is required to create any resources.",
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "10+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 12,
          "medium": 24,
          "large": 48
        },
        "sizeNote": "SMALL = nf-compute-50 (0.5 shared vCPU / 1GB) $12/mo; MEDIUM = nf-compute-100-2 (1 dedicated vCPU / 2GB, \"Most popular\") $24/mo; LARGE = nf-compute-200 (2 dedicated vCPU / 4GB) $48/mo. All 24/7 always-on fixed compute plans. (Page lists the large plan as \"nf-compute-200\"; the input's \"nf-compute-200-4\" label refers to the same 2 vCPU / 4GB tier at the same $48/mo.)",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.06,
        "source": "https://northflank.com/pricing",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "All monthlyUsd and egress figures confirmed directly against the official Northflank pricing page on 2026-07-16 via WebFetch. Confirmed fixed compute plans: nf-compute-50 (0.5 vCPU/1GB) $12.00/mo, nf-compute-100-2 (1 vCPU/2GB) $24.00/mo, nf-compute-200 (2 vCPU/4GB) $48.00/mo. Underlying per-resource rates confirmed: $0.01667/vCPU/hr + $0.00833/GB RAM/hr (~730h/mo), which reconcile with all three fixed prices. Egress confirmed at $0.06/GB; ingress free. Persistent SSD/HDD storage $0.15/GB/mo (not included above). No base/subscription fee on pay-as-you-go tier. Only naming nuance: the page shows the large plan as \"nf-compute-200\" rather than \"nf-compute-200-4\"; identical specs and price, so no figure changed."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "digitalocean-app",
      "name": "DigitalOcean App Platform",
      "url": "https://www.digitalocean.com/products/app-platform",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free tier covers static sites only; web services, workers, jobs and databases require a paid plan.",
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "10+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 5,
          "medium": 25,
          "large": 50
        },
        "sizeNote": "App Platform container instances, billed as a flat monthly price for a 24/7 always-on service. SMALL = smallest shared \"Basic\" instance 1 vCPU / 512 MiB @ $5/mo (DO has no 0.5 vCPU option; this is the closest to the 512MB-1GB target). MEDIUM = shared 1 vCPU / 2 GiB @ $25/mo (exact match). LARGE = shared 2 vCPU / 4 GiB @ $50/mo (exact match). Intermediate tiers exist: 1 vCPU / 1 GiB fixed @ $10, 1 vCPU / 1 GiB shared @ $12.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.02,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 50,
          "medium": 200,
          "large": 250
        },
        "source": "https://www.digitalocean.com/pricing/app-platform",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "All three monthly figures and the egress rate were read directly from the official App Platform pricing page and confirmed unchanged. Verified tiers: shared fixed 1 vCPU/512 MiB $5.00, shared fixed 1 vCPU/1 GiB $10.00, shared scalable 1 vCPU/1 GiB $12.00, shared scalable 1 vCPU/2 GiB $25.00, multi-instance 2 vCPU/4 GiB $50.00. Prices are flat monthly rates for always-on service instances, so no hourly-to-monthly conversion is needed. Egress: each tier includes a bundled data-transfer allowance (50/100/150/200/250 GiB); overage billed at $0.02 per GiB (confirmed). SMALL is an approximation because DigitalOcean offers no 0.5 vCPU instance -- its smallest shared instance is 1 vCPU / 512 MiB at $5/mo, chosen for the matching 512MB RAM. MEDIUM and LARGE match target specs exactly. Other add-ons on page (not counted): dev/starter database $7/mo (512 MiB PostgreSQL), dedicated egress IP $25/mo per app. No corrections were required."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "aws-amplify",
      "name": "AWS Amplify Hosting",
      "url": "https://aws.amazon.com/amplify/hosting/",
      "category": "Static / Jamstack",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "AWS restructured its free tier in 2025 to a credit-based plan that expires — not a perpetual free tier.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global CDN",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "vercel",
      "name": "Vercel",
      "url": "https://vercel.com",
      "category": "Static / Jamstack",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global edge",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "netlify",
      "name": "Netlify",
      "url": "https://www.netlify.com",
      "category": "Static / Jamstack",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "global edge",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloudflare-pages",
      "name": "Cloudflare Pages",
      "url": "https://pages.cloudflare.com",
      "category": "Static / Jamstack",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "global edge",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "platform-sh",
      "name": "Platform.sh",
      "url": "https://platform.sh",
      "category": "Managed PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "10+",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "coolify",
      "name": "Coolify",
      "url": "https://coolify.io",
      "category": "Self-hosted PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "free-open-source",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "self-hosted",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "dokploy",
      "name": "Dokploy",
      "url": "https://dokploy.com",
      "category": "Self-hosted PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "free-open-source",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "self-hosted",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "dokku",
      "name": "Dokku",
      "url": "https://dokku.com",
      "category": "Self-hosted PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "free-open-source",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "self-hosted",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "caprover",
      "name": "CapRover",
      "url": "https://caprover.com",
      "category": "Self-hosted PaaS",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "free-open-source",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "self-hosted",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "hetzner",
      "name": "Hetzner Cloud",
      "url": "https://www.hetzner.com/cloud/",
      "category": "VPS / IaaS",
      "kind": "vps",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "EU (DE/FI) + US (VA/OR)",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 7.09,
          "medium": 7.09,
          "large": 7.09
        },
        "sizeNote": "Hetzner Cloud has NO micro/nano instances — the entire lineup starts at 2 vCPU / 4GB, so all three sizes map to the same entry plan, CX22 (2 shared Intel/AMD vCPU, 4GB RAM, 40GB NVMe) = $7.09/mo all-in (server + one primary IPv4). LARGE (2 vCPU / 4GB) is an exact match; SMALL (~0.5 vCPU/512MB-1GB) and MEDIUM (~1 vCPU/2GB) have no smaller/cheaper option so they use the CX22 floor (it over-provisions them). Prices are the 24/7 monthly cap, incl. one primary IPv4, excl. VAT, EU locations (FSN/NBG/HEL). Next tier up: CX32 (4 vCPU / 8GB) = $10.59/mo all-in. ARM alternative CAX11 (2 Ampere vCPU / 4GB) = $7.59/mo all-in.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.0012,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 20000,
          "medium": 20000,
          "large": 20000
        },
        "source": "https://www.hetzner.com/cloud/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "Fact-checked 2026-07-16 against Hetzner's official price-adjustment doc (docs.hetzner.com/general/infrastructure-and-availability/price-adjustment/, effective 15 Jun 2026) and hetzner.com/cloud/cost-optimized. All submitted figures confirmed — no corrections needed. Server-only USD prices (excl. IPv4, EU FSN/NBG/HEL): CX22 $6.49 (€5.49), CX32 $9.99 (€8.49), CAX11 ARM $6.99 (€5.99), CAX21 $12.49 (€10.49). Primary IPv4 = $0.60/mo (€0.50), official per Hetzner IPv4-pricing docs. All-in (server + one primary IPv4): CX22 $6.49+$0.60=$7.09, CX32 $10.59, CAX11 $7.59, CAX21 $13.09 — matches submitted values exactly. Every EU/US cloud server includes 20 TB/mo outbound; overage is officially $1.20/TB in USD (€1.00) for EU/US = $0.0012/GB — this is now a CONFIRMED published USD figure, not merely EUR-derived, so egress is no longer a soft number; Singapore/APAC overage is much higher. No free tier; entry plan is CX22 (2 vCPU/4GB) with no nano/micro option, so SMALL/MEDIUM/LARGE all collapse to the CX22 floor (raw self-host VPS, not a per-size-scaled PaaS). Prices excl. VAT. Confidence high: both plan prices and egress $/GB read from official Hetzner sources. Note: the headline hetzner.com/cloud table lists the server price excl. IPv4 ($6.49 for CX22); the $7.09 monthlyUsd here is the realistic all-in cost with the one primary IPv4 a running server needs."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "digitalocean-vps",
      "name": "DigitalOcean Droplets",
      "url": "https://www.digitalocean.com/products/droplets",
      "category": "VPS / IaaS",
      "kind": "vps",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "15+",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 4,
          "medium": 12,
          "large": 24
        },
        "sizeNote": "Basic Droplets (shared vCPU). SMALL = smallest Basic Droplet 512MB RAM / 1 vCPU @ $4/mo (DO has no 0.5-vCPU option; 1 vCPU is the shared-CPU minimum). MEDIUM = 2GB RAM / 1 vCPU @ $12/mo (exact match). LARGE = 4GB RAM / 2 vCPU @ $24/mo (exact match). Prices are per-second billed with a monthly cap, so flat monthly rate applies for 24/7 use.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.01,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 500,
          "medium": 2000,
          "large": 4000
        },
        "source": "https://www.digitalocean.com/pricing/droplets",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "high",
        "notes": "All monthlyUsd and egress figures confirmed against the official Droplets pricing page (WebFetch) and corroborated by DigitalOcean docs (WebSearch). Basic (shared-CPU) ladder read directly from the page: 512MB/1vCPU=$4 (500 GiB transfer), 1GB/1vCPU=$6 (1,000 GiB), 2GB/1vCPU=$12 (2,000 GiB), 2GB/2vCPU=$18 (3,000 GiB), 4GB/2vCPU=$24 (4,000 GiB) per month. SMALL=$4, MEDIUM=$12, LARGE=$24 all verified exactly. Egress overage confirmed at $0.01 per GiB after included free transfer, pooled team-wide; inbound free. As of 2026-01-01 DO moved to per-second billing (60-second minimum) with a monthly cap, so these flat monthly rates still cover 24/7 always-on usage. Raw VPS suitable for self-hosting Coolify/Dokku. No permanent free tier. The only item not independently visible on the pricing table is the exact $200/60-day sign-up credit figure (a promo detail); it is widely accurate but softened in freeTierNote. All list prices current as of 2026-07-16."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "vultr",
      "name": "Vultr",
      "url": "https://www.vultr.com/",
      "category": "VPS / IaaS",
      "kind": "vps",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "30+",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 5,
          "medium": 12,
          "large": 24
        },
        "sizeNote": "Regular Cloud Compute (shared vCPU). SMALL = 1 vCPU / 1 GB / 25 GB @ $5/mo. MEDIUM = 1 vCPU / 2 GB / 55 GB @ $12/mo. LARGE = 2 vCPU / 4 GB / 80 GB @ $24/mo. Hourly-billed with a monthly cap; a cheaper IPv6-only $2.50 plan and High Frequency / High Performance tiers also exist.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.01,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 1000,
          "medium": 2000,
          "large": 3000
        },
        "source": "https://www.vultr.com/pricing/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-31",
        "confidence": "medium",
        "notes": "Figures reflect Vultr's published Regular Cloud Compute ladder ($5 / 1 GB, $12 / 2 GB, $24 / 4 GB) and bundled transfer, taken from the public pricing page. NOT independently re-verified in the 2026-07-16 trust pass, so confidence is medium pending a pricing:refresh run."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "linode",
      "name": "Akamai (Linode)",
      "url": "https://www.linode.com/",
      "category": "VPS / IaaS",
      "kind": "vps",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": true,
      "regions": "11+",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": 5,
          "medium": 12,
          "large": 24
        },
        "sizeNote": "Akamai (Linode) Shared CPU. SMALL = Nanode 1 GB (1 vCPU / 1 GB / 25 GB) @ $5/mo. MEDIUM = Linode 2 GB (1 vCPU / 2 GB / 50 GB) @ $12/mo. LARGE = Linode 4 GB (2 vCPU / 4 GB / 80 GB) @ $24/mo. Hourly-billed with a monthly cap; Dedicated and High-Memory plans cost more.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": 0.005,
        "includedEgressGb": {
          "small": 1000,
          "medium": 2000,
          "large": 4000
        },
        "source": "https://www.linode.com/pricing/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-31",
        "confidence": "medium",
        "notes": "Figures reflect Akamai/Linode's published Shared-CPU ladder ($5 Nanode, $12 / 2 GB, $24 / 4 GB) and pooled transfer from the public pricing page. NOT independently re-verified in the 2026-07-16 trust pass, so confidence is medium pending a pricing:refresh run."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "contabo",
      "name": "Contabo",
      "url": "https://contabo.com/en/vps/",
      "category": "VPS / IaaS",
      "kind": "vps",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "10+",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": {
        "monthlyUsd": {
          "small": null,
          "medium": null,
          "large": null
        },
        "sizeNote": "Contabo's VPS lineup has no plan below its entry \"Cloud VPS 4\" (4 vCPU / 8 GB RAM / 100 GB SSD, confirmed on the official page), so all three normalized sizes map to that same floor plan. Cloud VPS 4 massively overshoots SMALL (0.5 vCPU/512MB-1GB) and MEDIUM (1 vCPU/2GB) and comfortably exceeds LARGE (2 vCPU/4GB) — Contabo simply does not sell smaller instances, so the closest (and only) available plan for each size is Cloud VPS 4.",
        "egressPerGbUsd": null,
        "source": "https://contabo.com/en-us/vps/",
        "verifiedDate": "2026-07-16",
        "confidence": "low",
        "notes": "Skeptical re-check 2026-07-16. Official pages (contabo.com/en-us/vps/ and /en-us/pricing/) CONFIRM: entry plan Cloud VPS 4 = 4 vCPU / 8 GB RAM / 100 GB SSD, and NO plan smaller than Cloud VPS 4 exists, so the 'all three sizes map to one floor plan' structure is correct. Also CONFIRMED on official source: outbound traffic is 'Unlimited' under a fair-use policy with no per-GB egress charge (egressPerGbUsd=null), and there is no free tier (freeTierNote=null). NOT confirmable on any official source: the USD price. The official page rendered prices ONLY in EUR to every fetch (geolocated to the EU) — roughly EUR 5.50/mo effective on a 12-24-month commitment (VAT-included; ex-VAT ~EUR 4.62 ~= $5 for US customers). No USD amount and no strict month-to-month price were shown officially. The prior flat $6.99/mo (all sizes) originates only from third-party 2026 reviews (e.g. bestusavps.com) citing the month-to-month USD rate; Contabo separately advertises a ~$4.95/mo long-commit US headline price. Per fact-check rules, the unverifiable-on-official USD monthly values are nulled and confidence lowered from medium to low. A one-time setup fee (~EUR 4.99) reportedly applies on strict month-to-month and is waived on 3/6/12/24-month prepay, but this too was not visible on the fetched official page."
      }
    },
    {
      "slug": "supabase",
      "name": "Supabase",
      "url": "https://supabase.com",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "PostgreSQL",
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "multi-region",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "neon",
      "name": "Neon",
      "url": "https://neon.com",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "Serverless PostgreSQL",
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "multi-region",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "planetscale",
      "name": "PlanetScale",
      "url": "https://planetscale.com",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "MySQL (Vitess) / PostgreSQL",
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "multi-region",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "mongodb-atlas",
      "name": "MongoDB Atlas",
      "url": "https://www.mongodb.com/atlas",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "Document (NoSQL)",
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "AWS/GCP/Azure regions",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "turso",
      "name": "Turso",
      "url": "https://turso.tech",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "SQLite / libSQL",
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "edge / multi-region",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "cockroachdb",
      "name": "CockroachDB",
      "url": "https://www.cockroachlabs.com",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "Distributed SQL (Postgres-compatible)",
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "multi-region",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "firebase",
      "name": "Firebase",
      "url": "https://firebase.google.com",
      "category": "Managed database",
      "kind": "database",
      "engine": "Document (NoSQL)",
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "The free Spark plan has fixed daily/monthly quotas (e.g. ~50K Firestore reads, 20K writes, 20K deletes per day and 1 GiB stored); exceeding them requires the pay-as-you-go Blaze plan.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global (multi-region, on Google Cloud)",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloud-run",
      "name": "Google Cloud Run",
      "url": "https://cloud.google.com/run",
      "category": "Container hosting",
      "kind": "hosting",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Perpetual monthly free allowance: 2M requests, 180,000 vCPU-seconds, 360,000 GiB-seconds of memory, and 1 GiB of North America egress.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "40+ (GCP regions)",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": true,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloudflare-r2",
      "name": "Cloudflare R2",
      "url": "https://www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/products/r2/",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "10 GB of storage plus monthly Class A/B operation allowances free — and zero egress fees on all usage.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global (Cloudflare)",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "backblaze-b2",
      "name": "Backblaze B2",
      "url": "https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "First 10 GB of storage free; egress free up to 3x your stored data per month (and free to Bandwidth Alliance partners like Cloudflare/Bunny).",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "US + EU",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "wasabi",
      "name": "Wasabi",
      "url": "https://wasabi.com/cloud-object-storage",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "bunny-storage",
      "name": "Bunny Storage",
      "url": "https://bunny.net/storage/",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global (edge)",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "aws-s3",
      "name": "Amazon S3",
      "url": "https://aws.amazon.com/s3/",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "usage-based",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "12-month new-account free tier (5 GB S3 Standard) plus some always-free allowances; standard egress is billed per GB after the first 100 GB/month.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "30+ (AWS regions)",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "digitalocean-spaces",
      "name": "DigitalOcean Spaces",
      "url": "https://www.digitalocean.com/products/spaces",
      "category": "Object storage",
      "kind": "storage",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "flat",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "select DO regions",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "better-stack",
      "name": "Better Stack",
      "url": "https://betterstack.com/",
      "category": "Monitoring / Uptime",
      "kind": "monitoring",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free tier covers a set of monitors, a status page and basic on-call; paid plans add more monitors, log retention and seats.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global check locations",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "uptimerobot",
      "name": "UptimeRobot",
      "url": "https://uptimerobot.com/",
      "category": "Monitoring / Uptime",
      "kind": "monitoring",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "The free plan monitors many endpoints at 5-minute intervals with basic alerting; paid plans add 1-minute checks, more monitors and advanced alerts.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "checkly",
      "name": "Checkly",
      "url": "https://www.checklyhq.com/",
      "category": "Monitoring / Uptime",
      "kind": "monitoring",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free tier includes a monthly allowance of API and browser check runs; paid plans scale runs, retention and seats.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "pingdom",
      "name": "Pingdom",
      "url": "https://www.pingdom.com/",
      "category": "Monitoring / Uptime",
      "kind": "monitoring",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "tiered",
      "freeTier": false,
      "freeTierNote": null,
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "global",
      "selfHost": false,
      "dockerNative": false,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": false,
      "pricing": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "uptime-kuma",
      "name": "Uptime Kuma",
      "url": "https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma",
      "category": "Monitoring / Uptime",
      "kind": "monitoring",
      "engine": null,
      "pricingModel": "free-open-source",
      "freeTier": true,
      "freeTierNote": "Free and open source — you self-host it (a $5/mo VPS is plenty); no per-monitor fees.",
      "managedDb": false,
      "regions": "self-hosted",
      "selfHost": true,
      "dockerNative": true,
      "gitDeploy": false,
      "openSource": true,
      "pricing": null
    }
  ]
}